Radio One Case Essay

This case involves whether Radio One should purchase the 21 radio stations from Clear Channel, Davis and IBL LLC and the impact of the acquisition to the investors and on the market. Examining the stations it fits with Radio One’s Corporate Strategy and they have the ability to bid first on a group of stations that would double Radio One’s size. Also this purchase would create national coverage for Radio One. First we must look at the Return on Asset of Radio One. With a Risk Free rate of 6.3% given from Exhibit 10; I am using 30 years because that is the highest and most logical for this particular industry. I calculated the Risk premium from the average of both the AAA and AA Corporate bonds on Exhibit 10; the result was 7.2%. Finally the Asset Beta given in Exhibit 8 of .82 .Thus the Return on the Asset is roughly 12.2% Calculating the NPV of the stations helps Radio One see if taking on this acquisition is worth the value. Using Exhibit 9 for the project forecasting and continuing on for the said 30 years you get 1,178,171 with the NPV set at 12.2% and each year growing at 6%. The reasoning for 6% is because from optimizing between 4-8%; 6% was in the middle. What is the market value of Radio One? To find this I took the price per share $97 and multiplied it by the number of shares 16,137,000 getting a market value of $1.5 billion. Now to investigate the WACC of Radio One. Rd = Interest paid of $15.3m over Market Price = $82.6 million = 18.53% Re = CAPM = 6.28 + Beta of .82*7.7 (Using the BBB Corp Bond Rate) =12.44. I propose that Radio One should offer the said price of 1.3 billion for the 21 stations. They should use the payment of the debt of $82 million with the use of current investments available for sale, then use the remainder in the deal for. This would cover the cash portion making the bid attractive because of the balancing of the debt before taking on the acquisition. The remainder of the funds will come from the shares together to create the total of 1.3 billion. Being the first to bet and with this attractive offer Radio One should have the strongest position in the deal and come out with  an acquisition that doubles their size and giving them a competitive position in nation wide coverage.

Odysseus vs Rama Essay

Two exciting epics that are widely read and well-known across the globe hold many likenesses between the heroes. The Odyssey by Homer and The Ramayana by Valmiki, tell the tales of two heroes who hold many similarities between them even as their stories differ. Both poems are epics because their heroes are great men, well-known to their worlds, both suffer long difficult journeys, and both are aided by as well as taunted by gods and goddesses of their religions and cultures. But in the end both men overcome great tragedy and catastrophes to rightfully rule as kings of their own lands. Odysseus and Rama were both strong warriors of great stature. Athena speaks of Odysseus to his son and calls him â€Å"a mighty man† (Homer, Odyssey, Book I,p. 7). Griffith describes Rama as â€Å"Tall and broad-shouldered, strong of limb,† (Griffith, Book I, stz. 1) who has â€Å"†¦massive jaw and ample chest† and â€Å"strong arms reach below his knee† (Griffith, Book I, stz. 1). Throughout the story these men both are challenged and use their great strength of the warrior to defeat their challengers. Odysseus is challenged by the sea many times and with great strength survives the power of the sea against him. In the house of King Alcinous he describes many a plight where he fought against the drowning waves and the storms of Poseidon. â€Å"†¦. Zeus with white bolt crushed my swift ship and cleft it in the midst of the wine-dark deep†¦. I clung with fast embrace about the keel of the curved ship, and so was I borne for nine whole days†¦. † (Homer, Osdyssey, Book VII, p. 105). Only a man of great strength and endurance could cling in the moving waters for nine whole days without fail. Then, against Poseidon’s enormous waves, Odysseus later survives a storm at sea by swimming through the forcible waves to reach land. For Poseidon, shaker of the earth, stirred up the same, who roused against me the winds†¦. Thus the storm winds shattered the raft, but as for me I cleft my way through the gulf yonder†¦. † (Homer,Odyssey,1950, Book VII, p. 105). Odysseus exhibits godly strength against the seas and her challenges. Rama displays an unconquerable stamina in Griffith’s epic. Rama slays a giant to gain the friendship of Agastya but this leads to his being attacked by the giantess Surpanakha and her three sisters. Still they are no match for Rama as â€Å"†¦. they and myriad fiends beside Beneath the might of Rama died† (Griffith, Book I stz. ). Both heroes are challenged by enormous odds and yet both are victorious proving stout strength and stamina above all other men. However, physical strength is not the only weapon these heroes wield. Cunning and strategy play an important role in defeating more powerful enemies. Odysseus exhibits such mental strength against Cyclops when he helps his companions to escape the Cyclops’ cavern. Odysseus devised a plan to deceive Cyclops and in his cunning is even smart enough to predict Cyclops’ call for help from his brethren. And in knowing this, he tells Cyc lops his name is â€Å"Noman. Thus does Cyclops call out for help after Odysseus blinds him with the torched end of a stake and cries â€Å"My friends, Noman is slaying me by guile, nor at all by force† (Homer,Odyssey,1950, Book IX, p. 137-8). Thus his friends who thought â€Å"no man† was assaulting their brother determined his suffering to be a sickness sent by Zeus and bade him to call upon his father Poseidon for help and went their ways. Odysseus further exhibits his craftiness when he devises a plan of escape. When Cyclops is blinded, he sets himself before the cave entrance with arms wide to prevent the men’s departure through the cavern mouth. However, Odysseus is more clever than he and fastens three sheep together across and ties a man beneath the middle one’s underbelly. For himself he hangs on beneath the magnificent ram until sunrise when they are allowed through the mouth of the cavern by Cyclops out to pasture to graze. Once far from Cyclops Odysseus comes out from under his ram and then unfastens his men, and they are all able to escape. By their hiding beneath the sheep, Cyclops only felt the fleece and thereby allowed the men to pass through. This is a grand display of cunning. Rama also portrays some semblance of intelligence when he chooses his allies against the demon king, realizing that he can win their loyalty by defeating their enemy and convincing the king of the monkeys that they share a suffrage because they both have been banished from their homelands, Rama is able to convince the monkey army to come to his aid (Griffith, Book I, stz. 1) . â€Å"Who, knowing all the tale, before The sacred flame alliance swore. Sugriva to his new-found friend Told his own story to the end: His hate of Bali for the wrong And insult he had borne so long. And Rama lent a willing ear And promised to allay his fear† (Griffith, Book I, Stz. 1). With his crafty ways, Rama knew since he had slain the object of Sugriva’s , the monkey king’s, hatred, that he would be allied at once with the monkey armies. This was his key to finding his wife, Sita, and rescuing her. Odysseus and Rama were both intertwined with the deities of their cultures. Odysseus had the help of Athena throughout his entire trip home after the war in Troy and his exile with Calypso on her lonely island where he was a kept man by the goddess (Homer, Odyssey, Book I, p. ). Athena bodes Zeus â€Å"O father†¦. if indeed this thing is now well pleasing to the blessed gods, that wise Odysseus should return to his own home, let us then speed Hermes the Messenger†¦. to the island of Ogygia. There with all speed let him declare†¦. our unerring counsel, even the return of the patient Odysseus, that so he may come to his home† (Homer,Odyssey,1950, Book I, p. 3). If not for Athena’s plea and reminder to Zeus, Odysseus would have remained with Calypso forever. But Athena provides further assistance and stays beside Odysseus along the way. She is with him when he travels to the house of King Alcinous and tries to protect him and to guide him. â€Å"At that same hour Odysseus roused him to go to the city, and Athene shed a deep mist about Odysseus for the favour that she bare him, lest any of the Phaeacians†¦. should meet him and mock him†¦. † (Homer,Odyssey,1950, Book VII, p. 97). And disguised as a maiden she journeys with him home on the ship and stays until he has defeated his wife’s wooers who have consumed the spoils of his home. She lends her assistance when needed such as when she cloaked Odysseus and his son and his men in darkness so that they may leave the town to come back to defeat the wooers in battle. Athena provides even more aid as she convinces his son Telemachus to search for his father and to bring him home. She also gives him advice such as having his mother hide Odysseus’ bow that no man can string other than Odysseus, foreseeing the contest to prove his identity later after his journey (Homer,Odyssey,1950, Book II, pp. 25-7). Rama himself is a god although he does not know this. He is the born human entity of the god Vishnu Narayana who has a premeditated plan to take human form and then to defeat the demon god, Ravana hated by all supernatural gods and goddesses alike. But it is not until the end of his epic journey that Rama remembers that his true essence is the god Narayana (Griffith, Book I, stz. 19). This is unlike Odysseus who was favored by the gods and knew of their help and their interest in him as he bore them many sacrifices in return. One such sacrifice being in the cave of the Cyclops as they awaited his return from shepherding his flock. â€Å"Then we kindled a fire, and made burnt-offering†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Homer,Odyssey,1950, Book IX, p. 132). Such offerings are made throughout the story before and after challenges are met. Once the Cyclops was defeated, Odysseus took the best ram for offering â€Å"†¦the ram for me alone my goodly-greaved company chose out, in the dividing of the sheep, and on the shore I offered him up to Zeus†¦. and I burnt the slices of the thighs. † (Homer, Odyssey,1950, Book IX, p. 142). From this a conclusion could be drawn: it is expected of a hero to make offering to the gods who find favor with him. Likewise, Rama shows respect to the gods and his father, King Dasaratha, when he unfailingly responds to their commands without question. When asked by Queen Kaikeyi if he promises to honor his father’s vow and do his bidding, Rama replies, â€Å"I, at the bidding of my sire, Would cast my body to the fire, A deadly draught of poison drink, Or in the waves of ocean sink: If he command, it shall be done,–My father and my king in one† (Griffith, Book II, stz. 8). Rama leaves for his banishment without delay and without question to honor his father’s vow to Kaikeyi. He meets his challenges without hesitation and follows what the Indians name â€Å"dharma†, the will of the gods (Brockington, 1984, p. 33) or what the Greeks refer to as fate, a story of life darned out by the Muse (Homer, Iliad, 1950, p. 175). Both epics contain heroes who follow their dharma or fate without question and praise and honor their gods. It is when the heroes anger or disrespect the gods that evil befalls them. For example, when Odysseus tells king Alcinous how he injured Cyclops and this angered the creature’s father, Poseidon who aided Cyclops as he attacked the ship with hilltop and large boulder causing waves to drive the ship back to shore. (Homer, Odyssey,1950, Book IX, p. 141-2). Or when Rama slays the giant and angers the demon king Ravan, because Rama is vigilant in his respect to the gods, he overcomes the challenges brought before him when his wife is stolen from him. Rama is the example of true dharma and a great hero to the Indian religion of Hindu. Brockington, 1984, p. 8). Odysseus and Rama both face a great journey and banishment. Odysseus takes twenty years to return from the battle of Troy and suffers many hardships along the way that detain him from reaching his homeland for which he desires. One such suffering be at the hands of Calypso on the Isle Ogygia for seven years where she forced his stay as he had no means by which to depart until Calypso was bade by the gods to sent him adrift on a raft (Homer, Odyssey,1950, Book V, pp. 74-75. Among these misadventures that halted Odysseus’ return, was the Isle of the Lotus-Eaters, where the men ate of the Lotus which made them lose their desire to continue their journey home, and the Sirens who attempted to attract them to their own deaths (Homer, Odyssey, Book IX, p. 128-130). The Odyssey is the story of Odysseus’ journey home once he has befallen these challenges after the War of Troy. This journey takes more time as he meets hardships mostly set upon him by Poseidon, who â€Å"†¦. saw Odysseus as he sailed over the deep; and he was mightily angered in spirit†¦. (Homer, Odyssey, Book V, p. 79) and reveals â€Å"it must be that the gods at the last have changed their purposes concerning Odysseus†¦. But methinks that even yet I will drive him far enough in the path of suffering† (Homer, Odyssey, 1950, p. 79). Thus another journey begins and Odysseus is troubled once again, taking a total of twenty years before he reaches his homeland. If not for Athena’s aid and the aid of the other gods, Odysseus would not have been successful. Rama is also taken from his homeland. On the eve of his preparations to take over the throne for his father, one of his father’s other wives, Queen Kaikeyi , to whom King Dasaratha owes two vows as she had saved his life previously, beseeches the king to throne her son, Bharat and exile Rama for fourteen years to the forest. â€Å"These rites in Rama’s name begun Transfer them, and enthrone my son. The time is come to claim at last The double boon of days long-past, When Gods and demons met in fight. And thou wouldst fain my care requite. Now forth to Dandak’s forest drive Thy Rama for nine years and five, And let him dwell a hermit there†¦. (Griffith, Book II, stz. 11). With these words Kaikeyi reminds Dasaratha of his promise to her when she saved his life by caring for a fatal wound. She then asks for her son to be throned without challenge from Rama and also that Rama be exiled for fourteen years to live as a hermit in the forest. Kaikeyi only does such a greedy act because her maid Manthara has convinced her that horrible tidings await her future and that of her son if Bharat does not take the throne and Rama is enthroned (Griffith, Book II, stzs. -8). Still, honoring his father’s lamenting bid, Rama departs, ready to make a life anew with his wife and his one half-brother, Lakshmana (Griffith, Book II, stz. 19). As did Odysseus, so did Rama face many sufferings once he left in exile and his journey was not yet over. Sita, his wife, is stolen from him while he is away. Thus Rama, takes on the tasks of allying with the monkey armies to have aid in finding and saving his beloved wife. Then he faces Ravan, the demon king, to save her (Griffi th, Book IV, V, VI). Odysseus’ and Rama’s stories both reveal the importance of a warrior’s weaponry and strength in their respective cultures. When Odysseus returns home, with the deviousness of Athena, he and his son and wife, Telemachus and Penelope, devise a contest to prove his identity so that Odysseus may overtake his kingdom of Ithaca once more. Whosoever can string Odysseus’ prominent bow will have Penelope for his wife and all the kingdom of Odysseus for his own. So does Penelope set the bow and quiver before the wooers. And one by one they attempt to string Odysseus’ mighty bow. But none can accomplish this feat. Once Telemachus convinces the wooers to let the beggar who is his disguised father attempt the feat, â€Å"†¦. Odysseus straightaway bent the great bow, all without effort, and took it in his right hand and proved the bow string, which rang sweetly at the touch, in tone like a swallow â€Å" (Homer, Odyssey, 1950, Book XXI, p. 336). All at once he revealed his true identity and all was lost to the suitors of his wife.

Nissan USA

How to effectively manage new employees at the Ionians Smyrna plant? II. Statement of the Objective To adapt US and Japanese corporate cultures at the Ionians Smyrna plant within 6 months Ill. Areas of Consideration Strengths a. Latest Japanese management techniques and technology for producing vehicles b. Key positions and first line production supervisors are being filled by workers from Tennessee through an agreement with the State c.Hired experienced and native Tenseness that will be have specialized training in Japan for 2 to 4 months d. Participative management or harmonious relationship between management and labor e. Maximize human resources by implementing job enlargement and enrichment. Weaknesses a. Japanese economy Is worst advertisement for free trade b. The company's top management Is aged between 50 – 65 years old c. Cultural difference in work attitudes are predominant d. Language barrier Opportunities a. Employee screening by Tennessee Department of Employment b.Maximize human resources of Ionians USA bib enlargement and Job enrichment) Threats a. Use of robots that will replace human workers b. Temporary or sub-contract workers are opposed by US unions (AAU) Alternative Courses of Action ACACIA: To unionized the new employees thru AAU participation ACE: To establish strong reward system for workers V. Analysis ACACIA: To unionized the employees thru JAW Advantages: 1 . Promotes Job security and decreases Job attrition rate 2. As Americans tend to be individualistic, management could convey messages thru union organizations 3.Induce harmonious relationship between management and workers 4. Labor cost can be fixed for quite sometime, thus management cod roper plan its cost Disadvantages: 1. If abuse, management may have decrease human resource control 2. May subject companies to tantamount labor disputes induce by the union organization ACE: To implement employee empowerment thru trainings and decision making participation Advantages: 1 . Awareness on the Japanese management style and operations of the business 2. Improves the confidence of workers that increases productivity, efficiency and quality products 3.Develop teamwork open communication among between management and workers 4. Employee satisfaction and welfare 5. Work motivating environment 1. Abuse benefits and familiarity 2. Compromise confidentiality ACE: To establish strong reward and recognition system for workers Advantages: 1 . Improves the confidence of workers that increases productivity, efficiency and quality products 2. Job enrichment/satisfaction 3. Competitiveness of workers 4. Motivated workers 1 . Over-expectations 2. Bias/sub]activity of reward criteria 3. Compromise the quality of output VI.Conclusion Decision Matrix Criteria ACE ACE Cost 3 2 Performance effectiveness Turn-over rate Total 4 9 5 Definition of Criteria Cost – the amount of money needed to pursue the recommended courses of action Performance effectiveness – effic iency of workers resulting to increase quality and productivity Turn-over rate – decrease in turn-over rate of workers Criteria Weights 3 – least costly, most effective, lowest turn-over rate 2 – less costly, more effective, lower turn-over rate 1 – costly, effective, low turn-over rate 0 AC 2 is chosen for the most advantageous plan.Identify/ highlight good cultural corporate traits among workers and promote practice of such in the work place Quality circle members, Department Heads Decorate the plant with posters sharing good US and Japan corporate values John Bryan, HER Department 1 month Send key employees to Japan for training John Bryan, Department Heads, Conduct monthly meetings discussing corporate cultures and corrections if any John Bryan, Quality circle members, Every month Conduct small focus group discussion among workers regarding work and corporate culture HER Department, Department Heads Monitor results John Bryan, HER Department 2 months

DYSLEXIA AND THE PROBLEM OF AWARENESS TRAINING FOR TEACHERS AND Dissertation

DYSLEXIA AND THE PROBLEM OF AWARENESS TRAINING FOR TEACHERS AND MANAGERS - Dissertation Example The connecting link between the researchers and the dyslexics are the teachers and school managers hence it is imperative that they be apprised of the issue and updated on the latest development. Thus conducting awareness training of teachers and managers for dyslexia is essential. The current research intends to explore the problems of awareness training for teachers and managers with reference to dyslexia on the basis of personal open ended interviews conducted in schools in UK and Saudi Arabia. Table of Contents Abstract 1 1. PERSONAL 5 1.1Introduction 5 1.2Background of the Study 7 1.3Purpose and Scope of the Study 13 2.LITERATURE REVIEW 15 2.1Types of Dyslexia 15 Acquired dyslexia 16 Developmental Dyslexia 17 2.2 Causes of Dyslexia 17 Neurological Factors 18 Genetic Factors 18 Environmental Factors 19 Cognitive Aspects 19 Biological Aspects 20 2.3Diagnosis 22 2.4Dealing with Dyslexics (Managers and Teachers) 24 Role of Teachers 24 Role of Resource Teachers 26 Role of Managers 27 Conclusion 27 2.5Dyslexic and Problem of Awareness and Training for Teachers and Managers 28 Conclusion 30 3.Chapter 3 30 3. 1Quantitative and qualitative methods 30 3. 2Outcome from Interviews 32 3. 3Ethics 35 Chapter 4 38 5.1.Results 38 4..1.1.Results from interviews in UK 38 4..1.2.Results from Interview in KSA 42 5.2.Discussion 44 Chapter 5 47 5.1.Implication for the Practice 47 5.2.Summary of the Findings 51 5.3.Suggestions and Recommendations 52 6.Conclusion 54 REFERENCES 57 DYSLEXIA AND THE PROBLEM OF AWARENESS TRAINING FOR TEACHERS AND MANAGERS 1. PERSONAL This chapter introduces dyslexia as major and multivariant learning disability showing significant improvements with early detection and intervention. However the nature of interventions is dependent on the cultural, legal and socioeconomic factors of the region of residence of the dyslexic. Hence this chapter provides a brief introduction to the educational system of UK and KSA, the two being my country of research and r esidence respectively. Finally the chapter presents the purpose and scope of this study concluding with an outline of the current dissertation. 1.1 Introduction Individuals with dyslexia battle numerous challenges to their self esteem, academic success and performance of daily chores. For students in a range of settings dyslexia remains a cause of multiple negative consequences hindering their ‘self development’ (Burden and Burdett, 2005). Estimations of prevalence of dyslexia are rendered inadequate due to lack of a consensus on its definition and diagnostic criteria (Schumacher et al., 2007) in different countries, and to the variations in its manifestation depending on the first language and culture of the individual (Grigorenko, 2001), and the multiple variant forms of dyslexia itself. Accounting for these issues Miles has estimated the prevalence of dyslexia in UK to be 3% of severe cases and 6% of mild cases and other variants (Miles, 2004). In USA the estimates o f prevalence range from 5 to 17%. Among the non English speaking countries such as China and Japan, the prevalence rates as low as 1% are reported (Vellutino et al., 2004; Grigorenko, 2001), the inconsistencies in opacity and orthography blamed for the high prevalence in English. The gravity of dyslexia as a learning disability and the urgent need of effective intervention strategies can be appraised by the fact that 80% of the learning disabled individuals have been identified to exhibit dyslexia (Shaywitz and

The Global Money System Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Global Money System - Research Paper Example According to the recent report on the basis of global money system, the group of twenty also known as G20 finger pointed the world currency tensions detailing that the government of America blamed China government which decided to refuse the currency known as Yuan to rise faster. China on other hand suggested that the opinion detailed posed a distortion of global economy hence affecting Yuan currency exchange and was due to loosened monetary policy that was reinforced by the Federal Reserve in regards to government bonds. From the point of view, a problem has been emerged on the global money system issue due to the laid down rules, norms and institutions that governs currencies facet and the flow of the capital that prevails and trigger market pricing system globally. A global money system involves creations of reserves that fosters and hold vast foreign exchange activities on emerging economies. A dollar has been a dominance currency in this reserves managed by the United States of America for foreign exchange and transactions both within the states and internationally. Global Money System has generated investment globally that involves lending and hence facilitating financial and volatility of capital flows. Global money system plays a bigger role on the countries economy. When laid down policies are not in power, an aspect of inflation on capital flaws may arise and this comes when a given nation decides to print more money. However, some countries like the United States of America and Japan prefers to import inflation aspect rather than boosting exports that eludes weaker currency; some of the activities that are done through their national central banks. This usually affects international monetary system hence developing instability on economic system. Global money system policies are therefore monitored by especially national central banks and at large the World Bank. Some of the European countries through their European banks have eased

The importance of keeping customers for as long as possible, in what Essay

The importance of keeping customers for as long as possible, in what is seen often as a short-term approach to sales - Essay Example This is the main concern of the so-called consumer relationship management (CRM) models today. Vogt defined CRM as a customer-focused business strategy designed to optimize profitability, revenue and customer satisfaction. (p3) Shanmugasundram (2009) also posited that it is a comprehensive strategy and process of acquiring, retaining and partnering with selective customers to create superior value for the company and the customer. (p9) Unarguably there are numerous meanings and interpretations of CRM. Nonetheless, they all agree that a CRM strategy is always characterized by a quest to establish a relationship with a client in such a way that it contributes to the competitive advantage of the organization, which ultimately results to profitability. The simple logic is to make the customer happy so that the sales keep on coming. How does it work? As previously mentioned CRM strategies are diverse and varied. Sometimes, its distinction depends on the industry using it and sometimes it depends on specific needs and market trends. However, the fundamental principle emphasizes the importance given to people - naturally, there are the consumers but also, there is an emphasis given to the employees. According to Shanmugasundram, the principle is all about building enduring relationships that can lead to a profitable business organization and that both consumers and employees are fundamental to their achievement. This is expressed in the following model. Fig. 1: CRM Model (Shanmugasundram, p9) The model is pretty much straightforward: there are four crucial elements involved: Leadership, Delight, Loyalty and People. The model, as demonstrated above, puts the People at the center, with all the rest of the elements working together seamlessly for their benefit. The model ultimately aims for customer satisfaction. This is important because it has already been proven that satisfaction and a number of resulting variables, including customer loyalty lead to the probability o f purchase at different price points. This is also highlighted by the fact that only 26 percent of purchase decisions of consumers are influenced by advertising and that factors such as personal experience and referrals are more frequently cited. (Rai 2008, p145) Francis Buttle (2008) explained that, â€Å"a satisfied customer is more profitable than a dissatisfied one. If satisfaction declines, customers become more reluctant to buy unless prices are cut. If satisfaction improves the opposite is true.† (p47) This point is further reinforced by The American Customer Satisfaction Index Model (see fig. 2). Fig. 2: The American Customer Satisfaction Index Model (Buttle, p47) CRM and Technology An important variable in CRM models and strategies is the use of technology to achieve its objectives. CRM, in this context, becomes what Foss and Stone called as the methodologies, technologies and e-commerce capabilities used by companies in managing customer relationships. (p3) The adva nces in technology, particularly in communications, transportation and logistics have empowered organization to add value to their products and services. For example, an organization can use databases as part of the wider CRM strategy to build and keep accurate and up-to-date information about its customers. (Canwell and Sutherland 2003, p249) By doing so, the organization is able to analyze customer behaviors and expectations and develop better products

Solution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Solution - Essay Example 2014). Content marketing targets attracting and retaining the customers of a business through continuous creation and development of content which are focused on changing the behaviour of the consumers (What is Content Marketing? 2014). The contents for content marketing have to be in association with the particular needs of the business, which would essentially vary from one company to another. Hence in order to achieve successful content marketing, the goals of the business have to be clearly set and planned (Baer, 2014). This step involves identifying the audience to whom the content would be targeted. There should be a particular aim of the execution of a particular content. Hence in this step, the business organization needs to identify the aim or the purpose that the business wants the content to fulfil (Baer, 2014). This is the step where the business needs to identify what it is producing, when, and for whom. This is extremely important since the content will have to be based on this information. The information and the audience have to be connected through the content being developed (Baer, 2014). Atomization would involve considering a key or a major idea related to the business, and executing smaller contents from the big concept. This is a form of reinvention which would help the business to create innovative contents for its purpose of marketing (Baer, 2014). This step suggests that the content marketing needs to be marketed by the business. Contents cannot be just created and people be attracted. Content executions will have to be created such as the product, and they will be required to be launched in the market like a business would do with a product. Integrated marketing tactics need to be followed for this purpose to bring the contents in front of the public (Baer, 2014). Contents are more effective for marketing if they are measured. By this it is meant that the business needs to measure

Social Constructs of Beauty in America, Europe and Asia Research Proposal

Social Constructs of Beauty in America, Europe and Asia - Research Proposal Example The essay "Social Constructs of Beauty in America, Europe and Asia" will looks at the international constructions of beauty in various cultural locations all over the world precisely in the USA, Asia and European nations. The variations of the sexual connotation of beauty will be compared according to the region where the magazine adverts come from. The research will look at the points of commonality and the divergence in the construction of beauty in fashion. The running theme in the paper will be the effect of the cultural influences in the modeling of what is beautiful across the three regions of America, Europe and Asia. The paper will not assume a comparison point of view; instead, it will seek to look at the social constructs of beauty individually. The practical activities representing the social constructs of beauty take into consideration the increasing globalization effects. In line with the increasing globalization, the cultural influences in the design and fashion areas a re turning out to be hazy mazes. The dominant cultures are exerting their influences on the traditional concepts of beauty such that the end result is a dwindling effect of culture on the depiction of beauty. Majority of the western films have been credited for the erosion of the social constructs of beauty. This precedence is dangerous in that it threatens the actual existence of the beauty in its indigenous form. As a creative practitioner, the assignment will seek to expose the beauty in the cultural influences.

A Quantitative Study of Nurse's Attitude toward Patient Advocacy Essay

A Quantitative Study of Nurse's Attitude toward Patient Advocacy Activities - Essay Example The paper highlights how blood-borne nosocomial infections, particularly Hepatitis C (HPC) were inadvertently transmitted to unsuspecting patients’ in some Nevada based Practices’ exclusively due to the unethical practice of reusing medical equipment meant for single use. The reporting of the incidence lead to an epidemiological investigation in the year 2008 by the Center for Disease Control (CDC), which brought the focus on two Las Vegas Clinics, where gross violations of the recommended protocols for single-use equipment had resulted in tragic consequences for most patients’. The paper highlights how nursing practitioners at these facilities were compromised and unable to indulge in healthy procedures due to organizational hierarchical failures and pressures from the top. At the same time, the paper focuses on the issue as and when it has cropped up in the nursing profession worldwide and the implications on patient safety. The report reveals the bottlenecks a nd the obstacles which a nursing practitioner encounters when she tries to bring forth issues on patient safety. ... to-patient transmission incidence in the State of Nevada, which was identified, reported and shortlisted to have occurred due to unethical practice in two particular healthcare facilities (Black, 2011). As the study was investigative in nature, the author was compromised on time as well as resources. However, she has prepared a well designed survey-based study in which she administered a well structured questionnaire to a fair-sized sample of Registered Nurses’ (RN’s) within the state of Nevada who were likely to come up with appropriate and statistically analyzable data for the report. As a background for the study, the author has cited literature which pinpoints to similar problems elsewhere in the world, particularly Australia, where NPs were compromised enough not to report issues related to patient safety out of fear of misaligned retribution or losing their jobs. The author, throughout her paper, has highlighted the constant fear which persistently gnaws at the ba ck of the mind of every NP, who remains in a catch-22 situation at all points of their professional career. While they have legal as well as moral compulsions for patient safety, the ultimate purpose of their professional activity, at the same time they have to fall in line with the professional guidelines issued by their immediate and other superiors in the healthcare facility where they are employed. The author shortlisted 1725 RN’s practicing within the state of Nevada, although the problem had surfaced exclusively due to malpractice at two endoscopy clinics in the southern part of the state. However, as the purpose was to inquire about the attitudinal state of NP’s, the author’s study design was appropriate as it intended to measure the general trend in NP attitude within the state. The

Managing Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Managing Diversity - Essay Example Diversity in an organization or the work place can only be practiced or appreciated by recognizing the fact that discrimination can create a serious disadvantage to a particular group of employees or workers while at the same time bestowing privilege on others. Managing diversity in a place of work or organization increases the productivity of the employees in that particular organization. Managing diversity at the place of work or organization is important as it creates and maintains a conducive work environment, which incorporates both differences and similarities of the employees. Several studies and research have confirmed that managing diversity at the work place or organization results into increased commitment and satisfaction by employees or workers in their duties thus leading to an increase in returns. Managing diversity in the organization may involve the proper balance of gender in that persons of different sexes are allowed to perform similar duties or functions. This is aimed at bringing a positive work environment through the incorporation of both gender is incorporated as it brings into consideration the value of both similarities and differences of employees. This makes each and every employee or worker realize their potential thus maximizing the overall contribution they make in order for the company to increase productivity and achieve its goals and objectives. Discrimination based on the gender of an employee continues in most organizations, for example in some organizations women are and feel discriminated against at all levels of their employment (Gregory, 2003). There is therefore need to diversify the roles each gender plays at the work place or organization. Managing diversity at the work place therefore entails the respect and acceptance of employees of both sexes as equal partners in the work place through the recognition of the employees and their uniquely acquired skills. This would include overcoming barriers or stereotypes that hi nder the participation of some people in some duties in the organization. For example, the belief that that women are not good in industrial or technical jobs can be done away in order to accord everyone an equal opportunity at the work place. Successful management of diversity of employees in the work place or an institution has a direct effect in improving the performance of all employees in the organization. Extensive research has shown that management of diversity by incorporation of both men and women in the work place has direct impact in the results achieved as a heterogeneous team that composed of both men and women perform better at the work place as compared to teams made up of only men or women (Barbara, 1988). Organizational Strategies and Policies Cox and Blake (1991) have argued that having an organization with a diverse work force results into decisions that are better, creative and innovative while at the same time resulting into a flexible organization that apprecia tes divergent thinking. It may also make the organization attract and retain the best talents thus ensuring a greater capability in marketing. These can

Introduction to britich politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Introduction to britich politics - Essay Example The beginning of conservatism dated back in the Great War in Britain. During this time, powerful debates about the soul and the thoughts of conservatism were widely spread. The participants were mainly the prominent historians who were the great thinkers in the society. The historians had many arguments in common about the nature of the human beings. However, their areas of specialization differed in terms of the interpretation of issues. They were always aligned to particular political classes. The prominent historians often had chances to address huge multitudes that eventually purchased their works thereby promoting their doctrines further. Many people also read their works in print media as well as in television and radio. They were a great inspiration to the people. The conservatism that exists in the current day in Britain can be traced back in the mid 1750s to early 1800. This came as a reaction to the swift changes and a series of prospects that faced the nation as well as other neighboring European nations. During this period, the Torry party was transformed in to the conservative party. This mainly came as a result of the electoral reforms in 1832 that was aimed at educating the conservatives on ways in which they could become productive and self reliant in the society. This came as a result of the common believe that personal initiatives are usually more effective in bringing the desired results than those that are done communally. Conservatism in the Britain is somehow interrelated with that of other Western Nations (Daunton 1995 pp.27-31). However, it is unique in a way that distinguishes it from the others. Conservatism in Britain established in under the patronage of renowned historians. The torry party was the first to establish the original characteristics of conservatism. It was later transformed in to the conservative party. The

P&G Japan Essay Example for Free

PG Japan Essay Slow, conformist and risk averse – stretch, innovation and speed Leadership Innovation Team implemented a global rollout of Dryel and Swiffer Impact – 18 months after entering the first test market they were on sales in US, Europe, Latin America and Asia Processes Performance-based component of compensation increased from traditional range of 20% to 80%. Extended the reach of stock options to virtually all employees Integrated business planning process where all budget elements of the operating plan could be reviewed and approved together Structure Primary profit responsibility shifted from PGs four regional organisation to seven GBUs that would now manage product development, manufacturing and marketing of their respective categories worldwide Charged with standardising manufacturing processes, simplifying brand portfolios and coordinating marketing activities Eliminate bureaucracy and increase accountability Committee responsibilities were transferred to individuals Activities such as accounting, human resources, payroll and much of IT were coordinated through a global business service unit Progression form Ethnocentric/Polycentric- Regiocentric – Geocentric SK-II – within PG this high-end product had little visibility outside Japan Because Japanese women had by far the highest use of beauty care products in the world, it was natural that the global beauty care category management started to regard Max Factor Japan as a potential source of innovation Working with RD labs in Cincinatti and the UK, several Japanese technologists participated on a global team that developed a new product involving a durable color base and renewable moisturising second coat – Lipfinity Japanese innovations were than transferred worldwide, as Lipfinity rolled out in Europe and the US within six months of the Japanese launch Implementation of O2005 in July 1999 – half the top 30 managers and a third of the top 3000 were new to their jobs – capabilities do not reside in management Global product development process Technology team assembled at an RD facility in Cincinnati, drawing the most qualified technologists from its PG labs worldwide US-based marketing team and Japanese team had the same task – Japanese team came up with SK-II In the end, each market ended up with a distinct product built on a common technology platform. Marketing expertise was also shared, allowing the organisation to exploit local learning Decisions Japanese Opportunity Tapping into PGs extensive technological resources – extend the SK-II line beyond its traditional product offerings Although would take a considerable amount of time and effort, it would exploit internal capabilities and external brand image Product innovation and superior in-store service – competitive advantage in Japan China Operating since 1988 only Entrepreneurial beauty care manager in China Some were worried that SK-II would be a distraction to PGs strategy of becoming a mainstream Chinese company and to its competitive goal of entering 600 Chinese cities ahead of competitors Targeting an elite consumer group with a niche product was not in keeping with the objective of reaching the 1. 2 billion population with laundry, hair care, oral care, diapers and other basics Europe De Cesare – new the European market well Without any real brand awareness or heritage, would SK-II’s mystique transfer to a Western market Organisational constraint De Cesare recognised that his decision needed to comply with the organisational reality in which it would be implemented Jager – openly questioned how well some of the products in the beauty care business fit in the PG portfolio – the fashion-linked and promotion-driven sales models neither played well to PG’s â€Å"stack it high, sell it cheap† marketing skills nor exploited its superior technologies From a local to a global focus

Developing an Inclusive Education in South Africa

Developing an Inclusive Education in South Africa Introduction. What is inclusion? The foundation for a comprehensive understanding of inclusion have been laid by considering insights derived from United Nations initiatives, international experiences, research and debate in the field of inclusion. Different authors emphasise different aspects when defining inclusion and that makes it clear that inclusion is viewed differently (Dyson Millward 1999:152). Other authors stress access, belonging and participation in the general classroom for all learners with an underlying culture that values diversity. The following are at the sea inclusion is: Increasing participation by the reducing exclusions from curricula, culture and communities. Ainscow (1995:9) Premised out the understanding that learners can contribute one anothers learning. Ainscow (1995:149) Determined by school culture and ethos. Hall (2002:3). Learners who experience barriers to learning attending the neighbourhood schools and being taught in general education classroom. CSIE (2000:12) Initiated an entrenched by legislation and policy. Burden (2000:36) On the other hand, the authors stress support and define inclusion in terms of the ways in which support is facilitated at various levels, and say inclusion is: Dependent on training in requisite knowledge, skills and attitudes. Hall Engelbrecht (1999:231) Dependent on teachers who can would be five-year plans and activities. Ainscow (1995:151) Characterised by collegial stuffed in relationships. Ainscow (1995:151) About diverse learners requiring diverse in even individualised learning strategies. Ferguson Ferguson (1998:307) The examples given above indicate that the two emphases need to be maintained when seeking in comprehensive understanding of inclusion. First is that of school restructuring and improvement towards effectiveness and the second is that of a ensuring access through individually relevant support. Both are supported by the belief and attitudes that would characterise inclusive culture and art and trying to buy policy and legislation. Inclusive education in South Africa Education that was based on race in South Africa was dismantled and substituted by unitary that needed to contribute to building the rainbow nation, as such the separate education system for those learners who were deemed to have special needs was revisited with a view of creating an inclusive approach to education. The legislative framework in which inclusion functions in South Africa is mentioned with specific reference given to education. White Paper Six: Special Needs Education (DoE 2001). It is acknowledged that the field of education encompasses many aspects, including higher education and training, edit childhood education and adult basic education and training the focus in this study is on schooling in areas known as general and further education. In South Africa these are called GET (General Education and Training) Band and the FET (Further Education and Training) Band. An appreciation of the historical, social, political and economic context in which education functions is important to an understanding of the education in a country. Booth and Ainscow affirm this. They conducted a comparative international study on inclusion, they asked questions on what is needed to know about local and national context in order to understand the process of inclusion in any particular country. The apartheid era and post-apartheid Before 1994 in South Africa, education and schools in particular had been the locus of important struggle against apartheid. In 1976 there were uprisings especially in Johannesburg now Gauteng against the use of Afrikaans (modified form of Dutch spoken in South Africa) is a medium of instruction and then followed the 1980 boycotts. Different race groups had different education departments, and white education was administered by provincial education departments. Past racial imbalances meant that education was not equally funded across all racial groups. The inequitable division of resources also meant that some schools were highly resourced than others (model C schools as they were known then) served a very small percentage of learners and separate special schools served mainly white children waiting to have special needs. Since 1994 education is centralised, that is, it is controlled by a single national education department. Special education system was inherited from the apartheid era, which was not that equally developed for all races. The result was that special schools and classes have been well established and resourced to serve white to some extend Coloureds and Indians learners living with disabilities. Many white learners were taught in specially designed classrooms. The majority of black learners were served by education departments that did not provide quality special education services. Schools that were established for black learners who experienced areas to learning were not established by the state, but by churches. The small house below next the red bricks house which was the home was built by my grandfather and the Department of Education requested to use it in 1967 for sub A learners: Consequently, these learners were included in the general system by default, but did not benefit from the support that is necessary in an inclusive system. In the 1990s it was only then that the remedial teaching was offered to blacks to a limited extent in black schools (Nkabinde 1993:110 to 111). As a result barrier to learning went unrecognised and were not addressed and learners experienced repeated failure and eventually dropped out of school (Donald Lazarus 2002:297). There were and still are learners who, because of barriers to learning they experience, do not attend school (Pendlebury Enslin 2004:45) Inclusion supported by legislative and policy framework. The Constitution of South Africa affirms the fundamental principles that are foundational to inclusive education. These principles are of human dignity, equality and advancement of human rights (Republic of South Africa (RSA), 1996 a, Section 1, a), freedom from discrimination (RSA 1996 a, Section 9 (4) and a fundamental right to basic education RSA 1996 a, section 29 (1). The right to education is given legislative expression in the South African Schools Act (SASA). South African Schools Act (SASA) was enacted in 1996, and sets uniform norms and standards for the education of learners at schools. (Preamble SASA, RSA 1996 b). It makes allowance for an inclusive education system in South Africa through the following provisions: Public schools must admit learners and serve the educational requirements† without discrimination (Section 5 (1) ). Not admission test may be used to determine the admission of the learner to a public school (Section 5 (2) ). Where learners have â€Å"special education needs†, the rise in the wishes of the parents must be taken into account when determining the placement. Where it is â€Å"reasonably practicable learners with special education needs should be served in the mainstream and relevant support should be provided for these learners (Section 12 (4) ). Physical, and many these at public schools should be made accessible to disabled learners (Section 12 (5) ) The year that SASA was promulgated, The National Committee for Education Support Services and National Commission of Special Needs Education and Training (NCESS/NCENET) were appointed by the Minister of Education (Prof Bengu then) and the Department of Education to investigate and make recommendations about special needs and support in education in South Africa. The NCESS/NCSNET report recommended that separate special and ordinary education systems be integrated (DoE 1997:155). Some of the ways that the committee saw these being realised, like building modification curriculum development would be included in the education. White Paper Six: Special Needs Education, thereafter referred to as White Paper, published in 2001. The White Paper emanated from the need to respond to the fact that learners with different learning needs were not satisfactorily included in the South African education system. It was found that a small number of schools only served learners rule had been medically diagnosed as disabled and those who experienced difficulties due to other factors like abject poverty found themselves without the necessary support. The White Paper estimates that at the time of publication only 20% of learners with disabilities were included in the special schools and there was also, disparity among the provinces. The white paper was published after a consultative process and outlines and national strategy to include and accommodate those barriers to learning. The following where the principles of the White Paper: All children and young people can learn and need support Difference, including different learning needs, is valued as part of human experience. Education can be enabled to meet the needs of all learners. The home and community form an important source of learning. Attitudes, behaviour and teaching methodologies will have to change to meet the needs of learners. Participation of learners in the educational process should be maximised. The individual strengths of learners should be encouraged. An inclusive education system acknowledges the different levels of support required by different learners and should be organised to provide this. The following strategies were to be followed: improve special schools and convert them into resource centres; Convert about 500 primary schools to be full-service schools that are capable of responding to the full range of learning needs; Introduce management and teachers in the mainstream schools to the inclusion model, with a focus on any intervention in the Foundation Phase (grades R-3); The establishment of district-based support teams (DSTs) to provide support services; The implementation of an interaction programme to support inclusion; A funding strategy to be developed. The White Paper addresses extrinsic and intrinsic barriers to learning, with a particular focus on ways in which the education system may be itself a barrier to learning. There are also factors which become apparent and have an influence on the learning of learners. These factors may include in adequate shelter and nutrition. Hall (2002:34). Intrinsic barrier include various impairments like intellectual ability. The White Paper details the framework for establishing an inclusive education and training system through capacity building and the expulsion of provision and access in all education sectors. In considering financial challenges that are involved the White Paper outlines funding strategy that includes national and provincial spending and mobilisation of donor funding. Building an inclusive education and training is a 20 year developmental goal and short, medium and long-term strategies are described that will address barriers to learning and accommodate diverse learning needs in South Africa. The White Paper outlines South Africa with developments in inclusive education internationally and draws on the foundation laid by the United Nations initiatives and in particular, the Salamanca Statement. The Salamanca Statement and the White Paper The White Paper has included many of the key recommendations of the Salamanca Statement of 1994 and in this way. South Africa can be seen to be pursuing policies, congruent with international trends. The following are Salamanca Statement for governments to give attention to: early identification and intervention when barriers to learning are experienced, the importance of the participation of parents and the need for teacher education to meet the needs of inclusive classrooms UNESCO (1994: I X). All these are included in the strategic plan outlined in the White Paper. Consistent with the Salamanca Statements advice that developing countries should build inclusive schools, rather than try to expand a separate special as a cost-effective way of expanding access, the White Paper describes the conversion of some existing schools into full-service schools that can with the support of DSTs and neighbouring special schools, several learners with diverse learning needs. It is envisaged that these full service schools will be able to accommodate children living with mild and moderate disabilities were currently out of school. The Salamanca Statement sees a special schools having a role to play, not only in educating a small number of learners who cannot be satisfactorily served in ordinary schools but also as a resource centre that can provide inclusive schools with a valuable human and material resources. The White Paper embraced this and foresees that, after an audit of special schools, they will be upgraded to improve the quality of the education they provide for learners with high support needs and will be converted into resource centres. The White Paper reflects the thinking of researchers and theorists in the field of special needs education. The White Paper echoes positions taken from the writing of Ainscow (1995) Booth and Ainscow (1998) and Ballard (1999). The term barriers to learning in the White Paper it also appears in The Index for Inclusion, published by the Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education (CSIE) in 2000. The CSIE uses the term barriers to learning and participation. Inclusion is more than ensuring that learners with various barriers to learning are taught in regular classrooms. It is also about these learners being accepted and having a sense of belonging within the school and the community. Mordal Stromstad (1998:16) ask in this regard, †¦ Is this child surely included as if full member of the community, or have we only made a superficial adaptations which leave the child just as isolated as in a special class or special school? There is prove that the White Paper does not take participation as part of an inclusive system (DoE 2001 a: 16) and yet has chosen to stress the learning needs and barriers to learning. The White Paper could be criticised by those who advocate for a full inclusion approach to inclusion. They abstain from any notion of separate special schools, and their position is that all children irrespective of the severity of their disabilities could be educated in regular classrooms together with their non- disabled peers. The contend of that as long as special schools exist, there will be the assumption that there are some children who cannot be taught in regular classrooms and exclusion will be justified. Van Rooyen La Grange (2003 154) for his critique of the White Paper as the irony of the conditional acceptance of inclusion, noting the conditions that learners have to meet in order to be included in either ordinarily, full-service or special schools. The White Paper only claims an outline (DoE 2001:5). For an inclusive education system and many questions that the White Paper arises are perhaps details that are outside its scope. Practical concerns and many for example it has been noted that some provinces (and we have nine provinces in South Africa) have very few special schools (DoE 2001:30) and yet special schools are conceived as an integral part to the support that full-service school will need. I think in South Africa time will tell whether timeframes envisaged by the White Paper are realistic and whether enough funds can be generated from sources described to implement an inclusive education system. Other publication for schools that are not directly concerned with inclusion and in close of principles integrated into the content. For example, Teachers Guide for the Development of Learning Programs (DoE 2003) describes inclusivity as an underlying principle of the curriculum and explain how barriers to learning should be identified and addressed in the design of learning programs in the various learning areas. These documents are evidence that inclusion is conceived as part of ordinary education in South Africa and teachers are expected to plan teaching and learning in such a way that fosters access and participation. However, even these years of South Africa, move towards inclusion has been noted and teachers. Conclusion In as far as inclusion is concerned of the South African experience must inform the understanding of inclusion that is practical and applicable locally. Inclusion has been shown to rest on values, attitudes and beliefs about society, schools and learners. It is given direction by policies and legislation. In practice inclusion is restructuring schools and providing support to learners through different strategies that facilitate access and participation. A significant challenge faced by South Africa in the implementation of inclusion seems to be the training of teachers in the knowledge, skills, values and attitudes required for successful inclusion.

Information Communication And Knowledge Of An Organization Information Technology Essay

Information Communication And Knowledge Of An Organization Information Technology Essay Coca-cola Company is the worlds largest beverage company which leading manufacturer, marketer and distributor of non-alcoholic beverage concentrate and syrups. It is distributed over 200 countries. It owns more than 400 brands in the world including the main brands like diet coke,fanta and sprite etc.coca-cola is the most popular and the largest selling soft drink in history as well as in the world. Today there are many competitive in the beverage field. Therefore each company should be more attractive than their competitive companies. Information,Communication and Knowledge help the company to achieve its strategic goal. Amoung them Information and Knowledge help in decision-making and taking effectively. According to the coca-cola system they consider as their customers,grocery stores,restaurants and mass merchandisers. So that it is very important to know the ideas of consumers and their complaints about the product. As a beverage company Coca-cola company needs to know what customers ideas about the taste of their products.For that it has to be collect data fro m the customers and process them into information. Even though information collected there is no use if they do not distribute for use in organizations activities. Communication is the processes which distribute information.It can be done in many ways. The roles of Information, Communication and Knowledge in Decision making. The role of Information Information is a powerful resource and a large expense for many organizations. Information management is the process of collecting information from one or more sources and the distribution of that information to one or more audiences.This maintains the data of an organization. The information system of an organization is essential for the day-to-day activities in an organization. The activities of organizations are mainly coordinated by information and communication. Information is said to be processed data. Data can be defined as the complete range of raw facts and measurements For examples; letters,numbers,symbols,sounds and/or images relating to the events in the organization or its environment. Data is collected and then processed into information.Therefore information can be defined as processed organized or arranged data which is meaningful to the person.Data itself has no meaning so it is not useful in decision making.But informations are useful in decision making. Information is necessary to convert the resources of an organization such as-people,materials, machines and money for use in the organizations activities. Organization needs information for many purposes. They can be categorized as follows; Planning Recording Controlling Measuring Decision making Planning-In this step information help to get an idea about the available resources,present market and competitors of an organization. Recording-The information which use in recording helps to manage the business properly because using recording historical details can be found easily. Controlling-Once a plan is implemented; its actual performance must be controlled. Therefore information requires checking whether activities are proceeding as planned or whether there is unexpected deviation from plan. Measuring-In this step information can be used to measure performances of business.This can be analyzed by collecting information on costs,revenues,volume,time scales and profitability. Decision-making-Information is very much important to make decisions within an organization. Good information should have following qualities; It should relevance to a users needs. It should be accurate. The information should be readily available within the time period. It should inspire the users confidence. It should communicate to the user clearly It should have effective cost. The role of Communication When data is processed the information is communicated immediately to the person who wishes to use it but if it is kept for later use then it must be stored and retrieved when required.So communication is a essential component in organization because it shows how information is sent and received within organizations.The way of transferring information is depending on the structure of the business.Like entrepersonal,pyramid,matrix and independent. In simple terms communication can be identified as the process of transferring or exchanging of information,ideas,beliefs and opinions between two or more parties. Therefore communication process helps to coordinate tasks and activities of the organization. In other words communication helps to coordinate tasks and activities in an organization to achieve its objective or objectives.Therefore effective communication is an essential component of an organizational success whether it is at the interpersonal,inter-group, intra-group,organizational or external levels.The communication performs an important role in facilitating decision-making.It provides the information that individuals and groups need to make decisions by transmitting the data to identify and evaluate alternative choices, from sources to decision makers. The role of Knowledge Knowledge is full utilization of information and data.It is also related with persons skills and experience.Knowledge is the information within peoples minds and it is a subset of information which has been extracted,filtered or formatted in a very special way. Knowledge management describes the process of collecting,storing and using the knowledge held within an organization.The knowledge is based on the meaningfully organized accumulation of information through experience communication or inference. Knowledge is very important in gaining competitive advantage for a business therefore organizations need to manage it as both object and process. Knowledge is the power source of an organization because knowledge can increase productivity and effecientcy of an organization.The goal of knowledge management is to improve the organizations ability to fulfill its core process more efficiently because knowledge can result in better decisions. Therefore knowledge of an organization; Increase productivity Lower costs of doing business Higher quality products,decisions and recommendations Information AND KNOWLEDGE NEED INTERNALLY and externally to improve Decision making and taking. What is Decision-making? Decision-making can be defined as a process which selecting the best course of action from among several courses of actions.This may be a solution for a particular problem or a making a choice to achieve a specified state of affairs.Within an organization decision is the point at which plans,policies and objectives are translated into concrete actions.Therefore the purpose of decision-making is to direct human behaviour towards a future goal.Decisions can be classified as structured and unstructured.The structured decisions are repetitive routine. They are programmed decisions. Unstructured decisions are non routine and if decision maker provides judgment it is called non-programmed decisions because it does not provide clear cut solution. Decision- making process Different people use different approaches in making decision.Diferent scholars have presented different series of steps of a decision-making process.Whatever stages are elaborated, the decision-making process should have four stages as; 1. Identification 2. Development 3. Selection 4. Implementation Identifying the problem and collecting Information are important in the identification stage, while developing and evaluating alternative solutions are discussed under the second stage, development.Selecting the best course of action amoung the alternative solutions under third stage and put decision into effect and provide report on the progress of solution in the final stage in decision-making.According to the decision-making process collecting information is very important. Decision-making comprises the whole process that involves decision makers upto the point at which the issue is decided.Decision-taking is the function or activity of the responsible authority as in the case of a manager deciding on a course of action. Recognize the need for a decision Define the problem Identification Collect data relevant to the problem Analyse the data and find the root cause of the problem Develop criteria for satisfactory solution Development Generate Alternatives Assess Alternative Selection Select an Alternative Get the authority and implement the chosen alternative Implementation Monitor the feedback Steps in the decision-making Importance of Decision-making Within an organization, different types of decision are taken at different levels.Generally the decisions which are taken by senior management will be affected the business as a whole, and decisions that affect only one aspect of the business will be taken by lower levels of management. David Jennings and Stuart Wattam stated decision-making as an activity that lies at the heart of management.This shows how important is decision-making to an organization. All the actions made by the organization are result of decisions made by the organization itself.Problems of an organization arises because of the limited resources. But to make the organization effective it has to use the available resources.Thus they need to improve their decision-making.On the other hand the competition faced by organizations is increasing day by day. The survival of an organization will totally depend on the quality of decisions they make every day.Organization is a sub system of a social system.Therefore organizations can not work independently because several other systems are interrelated to the organization. In the case of coca-cola company decisions which make at any managerial level is very important because it can be either increase or decease in the number of customers.The future of this type of companies totally depends on the their consumers.Therefore every decision has to be taken by thinking about the consumers. Strategies to improve Decision-making and taking by using Information and Knowledge internally and externally. Managers can improve decision-making by using information and knowledge internally and externally.Internal information is important for all management levels in their decision-making and taking in the organization.But this relate to activities or transactions performed within the organization, such as administrative tasks, the production of products and services or the sales of products. To improve internal information manager can; Establish a system for collecting data or measuring data such as measuring output,sales and cost Relying to some extent on the informal communication lines between employees. In an organization to improve the knowledge managers can improve the personal skills of the employees.They can organize seminars to improve the knowledge of the knowledge of employees. External information is the information that obtained from outside the business.It can be either official or unofficial sources.Normally these information concern about official areas (tax,regulations etc.), the economy,suppliers and customers.In an organization external information are very useful. It helps in effective decision-making because in decision-making it is very important to know customers ideas,complaints and choices.The information of official areas provide the current situation of the business world in political view.Therefore by collecting information and knowledge of the outsiders the organization can achieve their goal effectively and efficiently. STRATEGIES TO increase personal networking to widen involvement in the decision-making process. What is networking? Networking of a business is the process of establishing a mutually beneficial relationship between personnel including customers, stakeholders and experts.The purpose of networking is to increase business revenue by development of relationships that generate information, referrals, advice, support, energy and much more.The best business networking give rise to exchange business information,idea resources and is the most important skill to establishing a mutually beneficial relationships. For effective and strong networking it requires people to; Effectively communicate Be prepared and willing to share information Listening to the others Have good contact with others Exhibit curiosity Asking questions to show that they are interested in the subject Identifying people in jobs that can talk to and make enquiries of Sources of personal networking Personal networking includes both formal and informal network members.Personal networks can guide the self determined person.This is very important in decision-making.Personal networking helps to improve the productivity.As well as personal networking it is very important to keep in touch with any group or key individuals who can affect the work or the objectives of the organization. Stakeholder networking help to; Stay in touch with developments in area of work Get information which will help in the work Influence individual decision-makers Stakeholders can be internal ( all levels of managers and co-workers) or external(regulators, environmental and legal entities).Therefore stakeholders are clients, project managers and teams, contractors and sub-contractors, distributors and suppliers and everyone else with a stake in an outcome stakeholder networking is a key to business success. According to the stakeholder contacts it can be dividing into two types; i) Primary stakeholders- They are directly linked to the organization such as shareholders, employees, customers and suppliers. ii) Secondary stakeholders-They are indirectly linked to the organization such as the media, regulators and competitors. Good relationships with stakeholders can increase the stability of an organization. For example if it has good relationship between suppliers and organization they show optimal responsiveness to company needs. This is not easy to do. It needs time for people to know one another, build trust and deal with organizational issues Strategies to increase personal networking 1).Forming business relationships Establishing good relationships with stakeholders help individuals to go through to find and develop lasting interpersonal relationships. The relationships with stakeholders can improve by Attending the meeting or events of other organizations Use e-mail and the internet to network with national or international organizations Attending political and community events where key organizations and decision-makers will be present Attending conferences, seminars and consultation meetings The relationships with customers are very useful in decision-making because managers have to increase customer satisfaction and minimize their problems. For that they have to build good and smarter relationships with customers to identify their preferences and to develop trust. In this case complaints, errors and proposals of customer are very important. So they must be recorded. There should be any medium available to contact the customers such as Internet, through a call center or personal contact. Therefore in an organization the decision which making by the ideas of customers are more powerful in achieving their goals. Not only the customers relationships supplier relationships also very important. 2).Networking direct or using media as an intermediate Based on the relationship of trust someone can be use as a referral in the process of networking. It is the most fundamental act in networking. Professional networking groups are the best referrals. They meet at regular times at a specific place and take decisions. 3). Formal and informal networking 4).Networking through trustworthy relationships and confidentiality Every individuals in an organization link together through trust and relationships. Therefore networking through trust and confidentiality is very important. Development of a communication process to improve the decision-making and organizational knowledge Process of communication Communication can be thought of as a process or a flow. Noise/barriers Receiver Decoding Channel Encoding Source Message Message Message Message Feedback Communication flows from one person or group to another and then, via feedback to the original person a group making a closed loop or cycle. Elements of the communication process are; i. Communication source/sender- The person who has message to communicate. ii. Message- The message can be identified as what is communicated. It is the subject matter of the communication. iii. Encoding-Encoding is converting a communication message to a symbiotic form. iv. Channel-The channel can be defined as the medium through which a communication message travels. Examples; Telephone, Letters, Radio etc. v. Decoding-Decoding is translation of the symbols in message into form that can be understood by the receiver. vi. Receiver- The receiver is the object to whom the message is directed by the communication source/sender. vii. Feedback-Feedback is the check on how successfully the communication source/sender has been transferring his/her message as originally intended. It is necessary to ensure that the receiver has received the message and understood it in the same sense as communication source/sender wants. viii. Noise/Barriers-Noise is external distances in the communication process.It is very important to note about noise. The result of this noise is that the message received is not the message transmitted by the communication source/sender. The types of communication processes are; Meetings and conferences Workshop and training events Internet and e-mail Written Telephone Video conference Communication process of coca-cola company They use ICT (Information and Communication Technology) to communicate both internally and externally.ICT has enabled 24 hours- 7 days global communication. This includes communication with; Employees-They use Facsimile (Fax) as the tool to contact the employees because most employees have fax machines I their office. Management-The pagers and Fax-machines help them to contact. Customer-Coca-cola company use only e-mail to communicate customers. They could send different product or new sales etc. Distributors of Coca-cola- They use video conference for the communication The existing processes of communication in Coca-Cola Company are: Internet and E-mail Video conferencing Facsimile(fax) Internal ICT communication in Coca-Cola Company E-mail-This is very fast way to send information and it save lot of time both sender and receiver. The staff of the Coca-Cola Company has their own program which is installed in their computers to tell them once they have received e-mail. Using email message can be sent to multiple recipients easily and can be forwarded on to others. Fax- This allows people to have copies of document they may require and sent the message. Enables messages to reach remote locations quickly but complex images in he faxes are not clear. Pagers-This allows people to received information whenever they are and whenever they need but long messages cannot be sent through this. Mainly executives use pagers in business. Video conferencing-This cannot use by all companies. Through this people from different countries allow to talk one another and listen to what is being said. This type of communication is very effective in the communication because it allows transmitting pictures as well as voices. External ICT communication in Coca-Cola Company Fax use to contact the external suppliers and suppliers are the only people who do fax them externally. This type of communication process saves money and the time. Improvement to ensure greater integration of communication They can use conversation also as a tool.This is unstructed and a discuss a wide range of topics. In decision making meeting are very effective communication tool. Coca-cola Company is world wide company .here only top level managers and directors can meet and take decisions. This allows expressing multiple opinions and they can be discussed and resolved wide range of issues. This type of communication tools can be used in long term decision-making and taking but for instant decision making they can use telephone. This is good way of communication that does not required a written record and conference alls allow multiple participants. Workshops and training events can be used to improve employee Knowledge. Through that they can improve organizational knowledge. Those types of methods can be used country vice. Personal-Interpersonal skills should be improved.Interpersonal skills involve inspiring,motivating,leading and controlling people to achieve objective/objectives. Interpersonal skills can be defined as skills use in interactions and relationships between two or more people. Good interpersonal skills can assist in Motivation,Communication,Team working and Team building and customer care. The role of Knowledge MANAGEMENT (KM) plays in managing organization strategically As indicated in the role of knowledge , Knowledge Management describes the process of collecting,storing and using the knowledge held within an organization.It is basically focus on organizational objectives such as performance,competitive advantage and continues improvement of the organization through the improvement and sharing of organizational knowledge management throughout the organization.Therefore knowledge management is not a technology pr computer thing and it depends on the human skills. Knowledge management use to identify,create,represent and distribute insights and experiences in an organization. These are help in managing organization strategically.

Environmentalism Essay -- essays research papers

Evironmentalism: The Next Step Broad Social Change Through Personal Commitment Introduction In the last thirty years, America has witnessed an environmental revolution. New laws like the 1963 Clean Air Act and the 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act forged new ground in political environmentalism. Social phenomena like Earth Day, organized by Dennis Hayes in 1970, and the beginning of large-scale recycling, marked by Oregon's 1972 Bottle Bill, have help change the way Americans think about the environment. As we approach the third millennium, however, we must reconsider our place on the planet and reflect on our efforts and progress towards a sustainable society. As global warming becomes a scientific reality, natural disasters make monthly appearances in the headlines, and communities continue to find their ground-water contaminated by industrial and nuclear waste, we must ask ourselves: are we doing enough? The environmental movement in the past has largely been a social and political ph enomenon. While many of us recycle (yet still only 35 percent of us) and take dead batteries to our town's Hazardous Waste Day, most Americans have not made the environment a personal issue. Very few of us have taken the kind of personal life-changing steps that are necessary to create an environmentally sustainable society. It is simply naive to believe that America's present rates of consumption, waste production, and environmental contamination are sustainable. The kind of social change required can only happen when we as individuals embrace the effort in our everyday lives. Only then will corporate America and the government realize that they too must change to maintain their customer base and public support. This kind of personal commitment to change would also create a new social ethic based on the environment under which people and companies who do not care for the earth would be held socially and financially responsible. In six parts, this article will re-examine our place i n the environmental movement and investigate exactly what changes we can make in our personal lives to bring about positive change. These areas are transportation, energy, recycling and waste management, toxins and pollution, food, and water. Some of the changes discussed will require sacrifice. But, more important, these changes will often simplify our lives, bring our families and communities closer ... ...incing letter to your boss (if you're not the boss) might convince him or her that the amount of money saved in paper will eventually pay for the printer. When you go to the grocery store, bring your own bags instead of using paper or plastic. Consumers often wonder which of the two is better; the answer is: neither. When shopping for smaller items, tell the clerk not to give you a bag (frequently their default action) if you can simply carry the item in your hand. Buy durable, quality items that will last and lend themselves to repair when broken. When things do break, remember that fixing is almost always cheaper than replacing, and you'll have the satisfaction of minimizing your garbage output. When you no longer need something, give it away instead of throwing it away. Organizations like The Salvation Army will gladly accept almost any used household item. Remember that Benjamin Franklin's maxim, "A penny saved is a penny earned," goes for the environment, too. Ever y time we reuse something, we've saved another like it from having to be made. Every time we recycle something, we've saved energy, pollution, and the materials from being mined from our natural resources.

The Holocaust and Aushwitz :: European Europe History

The Holocaust and Aushwitz INTRODUCTION The Holocaust is the most horrifying crime against humanity of all times. "Hitler, in an attempt to establish the pure Aryan race, decided that all mentally ill, gypsies, non supporters of Nazism, and Jews were to be eliminated from the German population.He proceeded to reach his goal in a systematic scheme." One of his main methods of "doing away" with these "undesirable" was through the use of concentration camps. "In January 1941, in a meeting with his top officials the 'final solution' was decided". Jews were to be eliminated from the population. Auschwitz was the concentration camp that carried out Hitler's "final solution" in greater numbers than any other. In this paper I will discuss concentration camps with a detailed description of the most well-known one, Auschwitz. CONCENTRATION CAMPS The first concentration camps were set up in 1933. In the early days of Hitler, concentration camps were places that held people in protective custody. Victims for protective custody included those who were both physically and mentally ill, gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovah Witnesses, Jews and anyone against the Nazi regime. "Gypsies were classified as people with atleast two gypsy great grandparents." By the end of 1933 there were atleast fifty concentration camps throughout occupied Europe. "At first, the camps were controlled by the Gestapo (police), but by 1934 the S.S. (Hitler's personal security force) were ordered, by Hitler, to control the camps." Camps were set up for different purposes. Some for forced labor, others for medical experiments and, later on, for death/ extermination. Transition camps were set up as holding places for death camps. "Henrick Himmler, chief of the German police, the Gestapo, thought that the camps would provide an economic base for the soldiers." This did not happen. The work force was poorly organized and working conditions were inhumane. Therefore, productivity was minimal. Camps were set up along railroad lines, so that the prisoners would be conveniently close to their destination. As they were being transported, the soldiers kept telling the Jews to have hope. When the camps were finally opened, most of the families who were shipped out together ended up being separated. Often, the transports were a sampling of what went on in the camps, cruelty by the officers, near starvation of those being transported, fetid and unsanitary conditions on the trains. "On the trains, Jews were starved of food and water for days.

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Dispute

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, or ANWR, is a refuge geared toward preserving national wildlife in northeastern Alaska. ANWR is about 19 million acres, in space, and contains a potential drilling spot for oil and petroleum. The potential drilling spot is a small area known as the 10-02 Area. It is only 1. 5 million acres, or 8%, of ANWR, would even be considered for development (What is ANWR). The controversy surrounding ANWR is whether to drill or not to drill into the 10-02 area. Some people want to preserve the wilderness and to find more fuel-efficient technologies.Others want to lower gas prices and to create more job opportunities. If the government decides to drill for oil, it could possibly lead to about 17 billion barrels of oil, to last the United States for the next 20 years. According to the official ANWR website, Prudhoe Bay is located 60 miles west of ANWR and has produced about 10 billion barrels of oil in the past 20 years. It is currently producing about 1. 4 millio n barrels a day, but is slowly declining; this induces the need for a new source. The northeastern part of ANWR is America’s best opportunity in finding another oil and gas field the size of Prudhoe Bay.The coastal plain of ANWR could produce up to 1. 5 million barrels of oil a day and would save the U. S. $14 billion a year in imports (Making the Case). 75% of Alaskans want to drill in the designated ANWR area, 10-02. They feel that it could possibly relieve Americans of their foreign dependency for imported oil and petroleum. The United States currently spends up to $330 billion on foreign oil imports, not including the money used to protect and acquire it. The total area of area10-02 only amounts to 8% of ANWR’s total area, which is 1. million acres. Out of the 1. 5 million acres considered for development, only 2,000 acres of the Coastal Plain would actually be affected, which is less than half of one percent (Top Ten). Drilling in ANWR would also create anywhere f rom 250,000 to 750,000 job opportunities, as well as an opportunity to better the economy. Drilling in ANWR also has no impact on wildlife. This can be proven by the fact that the Central Arctic Caribou Herd that migrates through Prudhoe Bay has grown from 3,000 to its current population of about 32,000 healthy caribou.The total amount of oil that is expected from ANWR estimates from 9 to 16 billion barrels (Making the Case). There is also an underside to drilling in ANWR. Although it would considerably lower gas prices, it would take approximately ten years for the oil to actually reach the marketplace. Clara Tsang argues that instead of drilling in ANWR, the government should produce more energy-efficient technologies. She also states that during the peak of drilling, only 876,000 barrels of oil will be produced a day. That is not enough oil to significantly reduce world oil prices.She states that the 2000 acres designated for drilling, Area 10-02, only accounts for where the actu al equipment will be, not including the areas of the oil reservoirs. Lastly, Tsang argues the destruction of moral and spiritual grounds for conserving a place for meditation and inspiration (Tsang). On the official website for the Defenders of Wildlife, it states that we shouldn’t industrialize a natural treasure (Arctic National). It also states that if drilling became imminent that destroy the coastal plain of the Beaufort Sea, the most sensitive area of the entire refuge.They believe in preserving the national wildlife’s habitat, instead of tampering with an arctic, subarctic and boreal ecosystem (Wildlife Impacts). According to the ANWR official website, Louisiana can be greatly affected by drilling in ANWR. It would create approximately 14,800 jobs in module and facility construction, exploration, and production engineering. It also states that Louisiana has already been greatly affected by Prudhoe Bay. Since 1980, Louisiana has spent almost $400 million in Prudh oe Bay. Also, over 850 Louisiana vendors are doing business in Alaskan oil fields.An example is the Prudhoe Bay gas expansion module GHX-2, produced in New Iberia, in 1994 (What Development). Drilling in ANWR could greatly benefit the United States. It could boost the economy, decrease foreign oil trade, lower oil prices worldwide and create about 750,000 jobs, throughout the United States. On the other hand it could ruin ecosystems and tamper with wildlife’s habitats, for a less than significant amount of oil. Either way a decision has to be made. Prudhoe Bay is steadily declining. The question is whether the government wants to ontinue paying the high price of foreign imports or drill at ANWR and potentially ruin fragile and ecologically sensitive ecosystems.Works Cited â€Å"Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. † Defenders. org. 2008. Defenders of Wildlife. 19 Oct. 2008. . â€Å"Making the Case for ANWR†. ANWR. org 2008. Frontier Communications. 19 Oct. 2008. < ; http://www. anwr. org/Background/Making-the-Case-for-ANWR. php>. â€Å"Top Ten Reasons to Support ANWR Development. † ANWR. org 2008. Frontier Communications. 19 Oct. 2008. < http://www. anwr. rg/ANWR-Basics/Top-ten-reasons-to-support-ANWR-development. php>. Tsang, Clara. â€Å"Arguments Against Drilling in ANWR. † 19 Oct. 2008. . â€Å"What Development of Alaska’s Arctic Coastal Plain Means to Louisiana. † ANWR. org 2008. Frontier Communications. 19 Oct. 2008. . â€Å"What is ANWR and Where is it? † ANWR. org 2008. Frontier Communications. 19 Oct. 2008. < http://www. anwr. org/ANWR-Basics/What-is-ANWR-and-where-is-it. php>. â€Å"Wildlife Impacts from Oil Drilling in the Refuge. † Defenders. org. 2008. Defenders of Wildlife. 19 Oct. 2008. .

English Importance in the Next Few Years

The topic under discussion is that oppose the importance of slope to the different major(ip) dustups of the institution and then tell whether it go forth be able to sustain its favourable localization in the next vitamin C years. I am for the topic. A nomenclature is a dodgingatic fashion of conversation by the spend of sounds or customary symbols. It is the code we all give to extract ourselves and communicate to opposites. It is a communication by word of mouth. It is the mental faculty or power of vocal communication.It is a system for communicating ideas and feelings victimization sounds, gestures, signs or marks. diction therefore remains potentially a communicative medium capable of expressing ideas and concepts as well as moods, feelings and attitudes and thus makes creation distinguishable from other living beings. The current and the most advanced discoveries and inventions in skill and technology argon being do in the universities located in the j oin States of America where position terminology is the meaning of scientific discourse.The importance of incline as a verbalise wording began as a result of the colonial era, when European powers took to the seas in order to find unseas aced lands and natural resources. The effects of that time cornerstone still be felt in the number of position speakers in India, convey parts of Asia and Africa, and North America. The influence of side of meat grew stronger in the 20th century, with the increased mobility of populations, the festering of the join States as an economic power, and the armorial bearing of international media in everyday life.As of 2010 there argon fewer native Australian speakers of position than Chinese, though slope is talk in more places, and more heap speak side of meat as a second lyric. The importance of side in line of products comes from its use as a lingua franca, or a factor of communication between speakers of two different run-ins . M both of the cosmeas top languages function this way, including French, Russian and Arabic, tho face still has the widest reach. A South Korean patronageman traveling to meet the head of an Argentinean conglomerate in Germany will expect the common language for all to be face.Aside from the United Nations, many other international organizations live in English. After dry land war II, key financial institutions were created in English, including the multinational Monetary Fund and the dry land Bank. The beingness Trade judicature and a multifariousness of other UN affiliates such the World nutrition Program and the World Health Organization use English in spoken and written communication. Five of the largest broadcasting companies (CBS, NBC, ABC, BBC and CBC) transmit in English, reaching across the world through satellite television and local anesthetic holdings.Estimates for the number of concourse using the cyberspace in English lie lonesome(prenominal) sligh tly ahead of users in Chinese, but well ahead of Spanish and other major languages. In the publishing industry, English is also well ahead 28 percent of loudnesss published annually are in English, and the market for books in English for second language speakers is growing. English before long dominates in science and technology, a position that it took over from German after World War I. Scientific journals publish in English, and many researchers, especially in physics, interpersonal chemistry and biology, use English as their on the job(p) language.The diachronic circumstances of India (having been ruled by the British for over two centuries) turn out given the Indians an easy access to know English language, and innumerable opportunities for advancement in the field of science and technology. umteen Indians excite arrive so skilled in English language and have won many international awards for creative and comparative literatures during the last few years. any(prenomi nal)time ago, an Indian author, Arundhati Roy, won the prestigious booker plunder for her book The God of Small Things. Her book sold lakhs of copies all over the globe. tally to the 2004 World Factbook, 49 countries list English as their official language, non numeration the United States and the United Kingdom, which do non list any official language but use predominantly English. In 2001, a poll of the 189 member countries in the United Nations showed that 120 of them p referencered to use English to communicate with other everyplace the years, English language has become one of our principal assets in getting a global leadership for books written by Indian authors and for images made by Indians in English language.A famous Indian movie maker Shekhar Kapoors film Elizabeth has got several nominations for Oscar Awards. It does not require any further argument to establish the expediency English language has brought to us at the international level. English language comes to our countenance in our commercial proceedings passim the globe. English is the language of the in style(p) business management in the world and Indian proficiency in English has brought notoriety to many Indian business managers. English is a means not tho for international commerce it has become progressively essential for inter-state commerce and communication.English language comes to our aid in our commercial transactions passim the globe. English is the language of the latest business management in the world and Indian proficiency in English has brought laurels to many Indian business managers. English is a means not only for international commerce it has become increasingly essential for inter-state commerce and communication. Some of the states of India are witnessing popular increase in public demand for teaching of English language from the primary classes.Realizing the importance, recently, the Minister of Indian Railways, Laloo Prasad Yadav, demands teaching of E nglish language in schools. The great demand for admission in English medium schools throughout the state is a testimony to the attraction of English to the people of India. Many of the leaders, who denounce English, buck their confess children to English medium schools. Many of the schools in the country have English as the sole or superfluous medium of instruction. A language attracts people because of the wealth of literature and knowledge enshrined in it.English poses no danger to Indian languages. The Indian languages are vibrant and are developing by the contributions of great minds using them as their vehicle of expression. English is accessible to us as a historical heritage in addition to our own language. We must make the vanquish use of English to develop ourselves ethnicly and materially so that we gage compete with the best in the world of mind and matter. English language is our window to the world. English language is one tool to establish our involvepoint.We contribute learn from others experience. We plunder check the theories of foreigners against our experience. We can reject the untenable and accept the tenable. We can also propagate our theories among the international earreach and readers. We can make use of English to promote our worldview and spiritual heritage throughout the globe. Swami Vivekananda established the greatness of Indian view of religion at the world conference of religions in Chicago in 1893. He addressed the gathering in grandiose English.Many spiritual gurus have since converted thousands of English people to our spirituality by expressing their thought and ideas in masterful English. English has thus become an effective means of promoting Indian view of life, and strengthening our cultural identity in the world. CONCLUSION Generally, hackneyed English today does not work out on accent but quite on shared educational experience, in the first place of the printed language. Present-day English is an imm ensely wide-ranging language, having absorbed material from many other tongues.It is spoken by more than three hundred million native speakers, and between four hundred and 800 million foreign users. It is the official language of air transport and shipping the steer language of science, technology, computers, and commerce and a major medium of education, publishing, and international negotiation. For this reason, scholars frequently refer to its latest phase as World English. Thus English is evitable. Thus English will never loose its favourable position even in the next hundred years,